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Southern Glazer’s Wine and Spirits (LA) Charged by the OFCCP for Hiring Discrimination – HR Unlimited, Inc

Southern Glazer’s Wine and Spirits (LA) Charged by the OFCCP for Hiring Discrimination – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2017/01/12/southern-glazers-wine-and-spirits-la-charged-by-the-ofccp-for-hiring-discrimination/





A routine investigation by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs found that Southern Glazer’s Wine and Spirits of Louisiana, LLC, systemically discriminated against black applicants in its hiring practices at its St. Rose warehouse facility. The company has entered into a consent decree to resolve the department’s claims.



An OFCCP compliance review found that, from January 2008 to January 2009, the federal contractor discriminated against 467 black applicants for warehouse worker positions in violation of Executive Order 11246. OFCCP also found that the company failed to keep complete and accurate employment records and failed to evaluate its selection procedures as required by law.



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The post Southern Glazer’s Wine and Spirits (LA) Charged by the OFCCP for Hiring Discrimination appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited, Inc..



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OFCCP Files Lawsuit Against Google Inc. for Compensation Data – HR Unlimited, Inc

OFCCP Files Lawsuit Against Google Inc. for Compensation Data – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2017/01/05/ofccp-files-lawsuit-against-google-inc-for-compensation-data/





The U.S. Department of Labor has filed a lawsuit to require Google Inc. to provide requested compensation data and documents for the multinational company’s Mountain View headquarters as part of a routine compliance evaluation.



The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs asked the technology giant to submit information in September 2015 about its equal opportunity program and to provide supporting documents as part of a scheduled compliance review. As a federal contractor, Google must agree to permit the federal government to inspect and copy records and information relevant to its compliance with the equal employment laws administered by OFCCP.



Click here to read more



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at 714-884-4610 or ayounies@hrunlimitedinc.com.



The post OFCCP Files Lawsuit Against Google Inc. for Compensation Data appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited, Inc..



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How Effective is the OFCCP? Part IV – The Conclusion – HR Unlimited, Inc

How Effective is the OFCCP? Part IV – The Conclusion – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2017/01/02/how-effective-is-the-ofccp-part-iv-the-conclusion/





Happy New Year! We start 2017 wrapping up our series on the Government Accountability Office (GAO)’s report of the OFCCP’s effectiveness in enforcing Affirmative Action laws and regulations. You may recall that the GAO in its recent report found the OFCCP to be exhibiting five areas of weakness. In the previous parts, we explored the first three areas. We will now discuss the last two. Since you likely have a lot of work to do upon return from your holiday celebrations, let’s not waste any more time. Here they are:



Reported Inconsistencies in Compliance Evaluations May Be Exacerbated by Lack of Training



According to the GAO, Compliance Officers are not receiving the necessary training to obtain, much less maintain, the skills necessary to conduct Compliance Evaluations. This too would tend to lead to inconsistent practices across offices. For example, the OFCCP in 2013 focused its training efforts on recent regulatory changes. OFCCP officials acknowledge that since 2013 they have conducted 23 staff webinars focused on these regulatory changes. The result: Compliance Officers lack access to essential, generalized training and knowledge that enable them to properly address many of the issues that arise during Compliance Evaluations. In fact, the GAO states in its report, that “compliance officers we spoke to in one district office were concerned that the lack of ongoing professional training limited their ability to correctly and consistently conduct compliance evaluations”.



What if anything has the OFCCP done to address this issue? In some offices, managers paired Compliance Officers with less expertise in some areas with more experienced Compliance Officers. While that is certainly a reasonable and sensitive approach, there is one glaring flaw here, too: This approach only occurs in some offices, it lacks the centralized, holistic effort needed, and therefore cannot address the reported inconsistencies in the manner that is truly necessary and appropriate. The GAO also pointed out that the training being given fails to address employees’ career development concerns, as well as needed skill-specific training.



In addition, the training the OFCCP has provided has not been timely. Agency officials stated that “budget constraints” have made providing timely training difficult. (This statement is curious in light of the fact that the OFCCP in the last few years probably experienced the largest budget allocations ever.) In half the regions the GAO visited, managers admitted that new Compliance Officers did not receive training. In one case, a Compliance Officer stated that s/he had been employed with the OFCCP for 8 or more months before receiving formal training. Compliance Officers in one district office specifically complained they felt unprepared to do their jobs.



Such a glaring deficiency leaves little wonder why the OFCCP’s efforts are at best inconsistent, and, in turn, why its effectiveness may be compromised. The GAO’s recommendation in this regard should therefore come as no surprise:



Provide timely and uniform training to new staff, as well as provide continuing training opportunities to assist compliance officers in maintaining a level of competence to help ensure quality and consistency of evaluations across regions and district offices.



Most Violations Are Resolved Through Conciliation Agreements



According to the GAO, between Fiscal Years 2010 and 2015, the OFCCP resolved 99 percent of its violations through Conciliation Agreements, in which the contractor agrees to take certain remedial actions to address the violation(s) in question. Those remedies may include injunctive-type relief, where a contractor is required to either refrain from certain practices deemed discriminatory or to implement certain measures, such as an applicant tracking system. Remedies may also include offering jobs to certain rejected applicants, back pay and other money damages.



Is there anything wrong with resolving violations through Conciliation Agreements? Inherently, no. The problem is if that is effectively the only remedy, then many cases will fall through the cracks. For example, what happens if the contractor does not live up to the commitments it made in a Conciliation Agreement? Compliance Officers are supposed to monitor and report progress in compliance with the Conciliation Agreement. When a contractor does not comply with a Conciliation Agreement, the OFCCP may begin an investigation. The GAO notes that “since 2010, OFCCP has referred a small number of cases to the DOL Office of the Solicitor for enforcement through administrative enforcement proceedings… Additionally, OFCCP may refer a case to the Office of the Solicitor in certain other circumstances, such as when an establishment has denied compliance officers access to information or their facilities. When referred a case, the Office of the Solicitor generally reviews the case and may take further action through administrative enforcement procedures.”



What happens then? Administrative sanctions can be imposed, up to and including debarment, where a contractor loses their contract and is ineligible to receive future federal government contracts. However, even the OFCCP admits that debarment is rare. In fact, on average, debarment happened less than once per fiscal year since 2010. The rarity of this remedy is reflective not of effective enforcement efforts by the OFCCP, but the OFCCP’s reluctance to use it. Why is that? According to the OFCCP, “because contractors who are debarred are no longer under OFCCP’s jurisdiction and not subject to the worker protection requirements the agency oversees.” Here too, it is easy to see where cases of either discrimination or other violations of affirmative action laws and regulations are falling through the cracks.



Oddly enough, the GAO’s remaining recommendations do not address this particular issue. It would seem, however, that the OFCCP needs to re-visit both its methods and its use of available methods. While it did not specifically name these as weaknesses in enforcement efforts, the GAO did include these last two recommendations in its report:





Review outreach and compliance assistance efforts and identify options for improving information provided to federal contractors and workers to enhance their understanding of nondiscrimination and affirmative action requirements to ensure equal employment opportunities for protected workers.




Assess existing contractor guidance for clarity to ensure that contractors have information that helps them better understand their responsibilities regarding nondiscrimination and affirmative action requirements to ensure equal employment opportunities for protected workers.


These last two recommendations are the only ones directed at how to work with contractors.



So, there you have it. According to the GAO, the OFCCP needs to take steps to ensure consistency in its offices. That’s the nutshell version. You can read our previous two posts to get a little more in depth and if you want more details, you can access the GAO report here.



Suppose you don’t want to do any of that? What can you take away from this three-part series, and the GAO findings? Here’s what you should not do. You should not assume that because the OFCCP has been found by the GAO to have weaknesses in its effectiveness that you no longer need to focus on your affirmative action obligations as a federal contractor. As you well know from our other posts, once you are selected for a Compliance Evaluation, you will be subject to scrutiny, if not sanctions, if the OFCCP finds violations. In our opinion, it is not worth the risk. So either keep doing what you’re doing, or reach out to us with any questions.



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at 714-884-4610 or ayounies@hrunlimitedinc.com.





The post How Effective is the OFCCP? Part IV – The Conclusion appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited, Inc..



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How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part III – HR Unlimited, Inc

How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part III – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2016/12/16/how-effective-is-the-ofccp-the-gao-answers-part-iii/





We started this series with an overview of the GAO’s findings as to the OFCCP’s effectiveness. Just to recap, here are the five areas of weakness found by the GAO:





Weakness in OFCCP’s process for selecting contractors for Compliance Evaluations makes it challenging to know the extent to which Equal Opportunity Requirements are followed;




    OFCCP Relies on Voluntary Compliance with Requirements;




    OFCCP’s Compliance Evaluation Assignment Process May Result in Geographic Imbalances;




    Reported Inconsistencies in Compliance Evaluations May Be Exacerbated by Lack of Training;




    Most Violations Are Resolved Through Conciliation


In our previous post, we discussed the first weakness listed above. Let’s move onto the second.



The OFCCP Relies on Voluntary Compliance with Requirements:



This particular weakness would seem to be so self-explanatory, that we might even ask, “Why would the OFCCP use this as a primary strategy if it hopes to be effective?” The answer, simply put, is that the OFCCP, even the more beefed up version we have seen in recent years, cannot possibly conduct Compliance Evaluations for all contractors. (According to the Government Accountability Office report there are “tens of thousands” of contractors under the OFCCP’s jurisdiction.) That said, reliance on voluntary compliance simply cannot ensure that contractors are complying with even basic requirements, such as writing and implementing an AAP, let alone analysis, record keeping and many other more complex regulatory requirements. Note: Failure to have a written AAP was one of the top violations since 2008.



The implication here is fairly obvious: If the OFCCP is relying on voluntary compliance it has little or no actual enforcement mechanisms in place to ensure compliance. For example, when the OFCCP selects a contractor for a Compliance Evaluation, it sends a Corporate Scheduling Announcement Letter, or CSAL (essentially a heads up) that it will be scheduling a Compliance Evaluation. In the Scheduling Letter, the OFCCP requests the contractor to submit data, including a copy of the AAP, within 30 days. By the OFCCP’s own admission, however, approximately 85 percent of contractors who received scheduling letters in 2015 did not submit an AAP within the aforementioned 30 days. Many requested extensions. While contractors are required in their contracts to develop an AAP within 120 days of the contract commencement, and update the AAP annually, they often do not. What is more, the OFCCP has no process for ensuring compliance with even this requirement, and therefore lacks a reliable indicator of whether its own objectives are being met, and, consequently, whether its own efforts in doing so are effective.



This weakness appears so glaring, so obvious that one wonders why it should have taken a lengthy investigation or audit by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to uncover it.



The GAO’s recommendation to the Secretary of Labor: Develop a mechanism to monitor AAPs from covered federal contractors on a regular basis. Such a mechanism could include electronically collecting AAPs and contractor certification of annual updates therefore should come as no surprise.





Let’s move onto the third weakness identified by the GAO:



OFCCP’s Compliance Evaluation Assignment Process May Result in Geographic Imbalances



When the OFCCP distributes its scheduling lists, or assigns Compliance Evaluations to District or Area offices, it does so primarily based on the physical address of the contractor establishments. In other words, the contractor’s physical address determines which district or area office will be assigned the Compliance Evaluation. The reason: to minimize travel costs if an on-site visit becomes necessary. According to the GAO this distribution method is outdated, given the steady decline in the number of evaluations actually requiring on-site visits. Specifically the OFCCP admitted that in 2015, only 25% of Compliance Evaluations required onsite visits. The OFCCP has also acknowledged that its current distribution of compliance officers among the 48 district and area offices did not correspond to the national distribution of federal contractors. According to the OFCCP this uneven distribution is due in part to attrition levels across offices. These disparities impact how many officers are actually available in the different district and area offices to conduct compliance evaluations, increasing the likelihood of unevenness and inconsistencies and lack of continuity. Clearly, such disjointed efforts will impact the agency’s effectiveness.



The GAO therefore recommended that to address this particular weakness, the Secretary of Labor “Make changes to the current scheduling list distribution process so that it addresses changes in human capital and does not rely exclusively on geographic location”.



In light of these identified weaknesses, and the GAO’s recommendations to the Secretary of Labor, what can – and should—federal contractors do? The short answer: Expect some changes aimed at tightening up the OFCCP’s enforcement processes and mechanisms. Yes, we know that with a new President taking office soon – one with a very different political agenda than Mr. Obama, that the OFCCP may develop a new and different look. The changes recommended by the GAO however, do not necessarily require more revenue, however. Even if the OFCCP’s presence does not appear to loom as large in the near future, the agency itself, will not be going away, and it will still be charged with enforcing Affirmative Action laws and regulations. Reviewing and ensuring your own compliance can only help you.



In our next installment we will cover the last two weaknesses identified by the GAO, and, of course, we will provide more recommendations to you, our readers.



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at 800-708-3655, x703 or ayounies@hrunlimitedinc.com.



The post How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part III appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited, Inc..



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How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part II – HR Unlimited, Inc

How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part II – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2016/12/15/how-effective-is-the-ofccp-the-gao-answers-part-ii/





The OFCCP selection process: an area for improvement



What exactly are the weaknesses in the selection process? According to the GAO, “OFCCP’s contractor selection process is nonrandom and does not produce a generalizable sample of contractors for evaluation”. The result, according to the GAO: OFCCP cannot draw conclusions about noncompliance risk in the overall federal contractor population, based on the sample provided by the number of Compliance Evaluations it conducts.



While the OFCCP uses neutral factors in its selection process, such as alphabetical order, employee count, contract value and contract expiration date, it is not able to identify which of these factors, if any, are associated with noncompliance risk due to use of nonrandom selection of contractors for review. The OFCCP therefore cannot state with any degree of certainty the extent of noncompliance by federal contractors, and does not really even know if it is focusing its efforts on those contractors at greatest risk of noncompliance. Even if the ACE method is itself inherently effective, it will not matter, if it is not targeting at those most at risk of non-compliance.



While OFCCP has tried developing a model for identifying factors associated with noncompliance, when put into practice that model did not prove to be useful. Why? According to OFCCP officials “the model was developed with a nonrandom set of contractor establishments selected from prior OFCCP compliance reviews”. OFCCP is reportedly working on developing a new model. It should come as no surprise, then, that the GAO’s first recommendation is as follows:



Make changes to the contractor scheduling list development process so that compliance efforts focus on those contractors with the greatest risk of not following equal employment opportunity and affirmative action requirements.



In plain English, the GAO seems to be saying, that the factors the OFCCP uses in selecting contractors for compliance evaluation are faulty, so therefore OFCCP should revise those factors. Since the report apparently offers no insight into how the OFCCP could or should do that, the recommendation, in and of itself, does not appear to be of much help. Hopefully, some additional guidance will follow.



In light of this finding, here are some proactive steps that federal contractors should take, sooner rather than later:





If you do not have an AAP, make sure to develop and implement one immediately. Not having an AAP is a surefire way to be found in violation of EEO/AA requirements if you are selected for a Compliance Evaluation;


Review your hiring, promotion, termination and compensation practices. Look for statistical disparities;


If you do find disparities, either take steps to address them or, if there are valid reasons for such disparities, document those reasons;


Document any steps you take to address any disparities;


Make sure you are compliant with all recordkeeping requirements;


Investigate any allegations of discrimination, document your findings, your responses and reasons for all actions taken or not taken in response.


Clearly this list is not exhaustive, but it should be enough to get you started. Next week, we will continue this discussion with the GAO’s second finding, its recommendations to the OFCCP and our recommendations to you, our readers.



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at 800-708-3655, x703 or ayounies@hrunlimited.com.





The post How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part II appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited, Inc..



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How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part I – HR Unlimited, Inc

How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part I – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2016/11/30/how-effective-is-the-ofccp-the-gao-answers-part-i/





The OFCCP often projects a larger than life presence in the consciousness of many federal contractors. How can it not? For FY 2016, the OFCCP had an annual operating budget of just over $105 million and was authorized 615 full-time equivalent staff positions. While its staffing decreased from 755 authorized FTE positions in FY 2015 (an almost 19-percent decrease) its budget increased by about a half a million dollars. With its impressive budget and significant FTE authorization, with so many big-payout settlements of discrimination cases, with so many new regulations and data collection requirements, with seemingly so much stepped-up enforcement activities, it must really be making great strides in eradicating discriminatory hiring and employment practices by federal contractors. Not so, according to the General Accounting Office (GAO). The House of Representatives Committee on Education and the Workforce, and its Subcommittee on Workforce Protections requested the GAO to review the OFCCP’s performance. To say the least, those reviews were less than stellar. Since we assume this topic to be of great interest to our readers, we will devote the next few weeks to a series on the GAO’s findings, its recommendations, and, of course, we will also include our own recommended Best Practices. First, however, let’s get some background.



You may be aware that whereas the OFCCP’s activities aimed at ensuring non-discrimination have included outreach and compliance assistance (with AA laws and regulations) it chose to refocus its efforts on enforcement as of 2011. So, in Dr. Phil language, “How’s that working out” for them? Not well, according to the GAO. In order to detect violations, the OFCCP relies heavily upon Compliance Evaluations (aka “audits”). According to the GAO, the OFCCP conducts compliance evaluations on about 2 percent of all federal contractors, annually. Since 2010 about 78 percent of all evaluations found no violations, and about 2 percent indicated discriminatory practices. Wouldn’t that just mean that contractors are doing a great job of complying with affirmative action laws and regulations? Not if the OFCCP’s means and methods are flawed – which, they are, according to the GAO. More on that in a moment.



The OFCCP’s two approaches to ensure compliance with federal EEO and Affirmative Action requirements are enforcement and compliance assistance. We have already established however, that the bulk of the OFCCP’s emphasis since 2011 has been on enforcement, primarily by conducting Compliance Evaluations, which it in turn carries out primarily by using compliance officers to evaluate contractors. The OFCCP selects which contractors to review and then reviews those contractors’ hiring, promotion, compensation, termination and other employment practices, including recordkeeping. The evaluation may occur at the contractor’s facility which produces the goods or services. The facility can be a factory, office or store.



How does the OFCCP determine who it selects for review? In general it uses federal and commercial databases, along with “other factors”. Regional and district office staffing levels establish the basis for determining total number of contractors reviewed each year within the jurisdiction of the particular regional office. Moreover, based on the location of the establishment(s) to be reviewed, the local district office receives the scheduling list of contractors located in its jurisdiction. From there, several facially neutral factors, such as alphabetical order, employee count, contract value, contract expiration date, among other factors, determine further allocation or sorting. Many of you are aware of this process. We include it here, because the GAO raises concern about the selection process, which we will discuss momentarily.



One more general point about the OFCCP’s enforcement efforts: whereas through 2010 the OFCCP’s Compliance Evaluation process had been known as Active Case Management (ACM) the OFCCP changed its process to one of Active Case Enforcement (ACE). Why and what’s the difference? Perhaps we can best find that answer in the OFCCP’s own directive outlining ACE procedures. According to the OFCCP, ACM proved to be of “limited utility” because it could not effectively use all of its investigating tools, such as offsite review of records. The OFCCP therefore implemented the ACE process, which requires more comprehensive evaluations of each selective contractor. Presumably, the ACE model allows for a more proactive, if not aggressive approach. The ACE process includes, without limitation, ascertaining the presence of indicators of discrimination or violations that warrant an onsite investigation. Indicators might include patterns of individual and/or systemic discrimination, patterns of major technical violations such as recordkeeping deficiencies and failure to maintain an AAP, in addition to statistical and anecdotal evidence of discrimination. (Item: In 2015, close to 85% of evaluated contractors did not submit their AAP within 30 days of the OFCCP’s request and, in some cases, received extensions).



The GAO concluded that significant weaknesses in the OFCCP’s enforcement efforts render the OFCCP unable to truly assess the extent of federal contractor compliance. With the budget and staff devoted to objectives that the Obama Administration has identified as a high priority, how can that be? What are those weaknesses? The GAO, in its report identifies five key weaknesses. We will list them here:





Weakness in OFCCP’s process for selecting contractors for Compliance Evaluations makes it challenging to know the extent to which Equal Opportunity Requirements are followed;




    OFCCP Relies on Voluntary Compliance with Requirements;




    OFCCP’s Compliance Evaluation Assignment Process May Result in Geographic Imbalances;




    Reported Inconsistencies in Compliance Evaluations May Be Exacerbated by Lack of Training;




    Most Violations Are Resolved Through Conciliation


We’ll start with the analysis of the first deficiency, weaknesses in the selection process, and, over the next few weeks, address the others.



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at 714-426-2918, x1 or ayounies@hrunlimitedinc.com.



The post How Effective is the OFCCP? The GAO Answers – Part I appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited, Inc..



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What the EEOC and OFCCP Want You to Know About Criminal Background Checks – HR Unlimited, Inc

What the EEOC and OFCCP Want You to Know About Criminal Background Checks – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2016/11/03/what-the-eeoc-and-ofccp-want-you-to-know-about-criminal-background-checks/





What’s up with the EEOC, the OFCCP and criminal background checks? While the EEOC enforces anti-discrimination laws for private employers, and generally those who employ 15 or more employees, the OFCCP enforces affirmative action laws and regulations to which federal contractors are subject. Administering background checks to all applicants can’t be discriminatory, can it? If not, then why would employers even have to worry about the EEOC or the OFCCP when conducting background checks?



Let’s answer that question and some others:



Are former convicts a protected class under anti-discrimination laws? No. Certain practices, although themselves neutral, may, by “hurting” a disproportionate number of people protected under federal anti-discrimination laws, have a discriminatory impact. Those practices too would then be in violation of federal anti-discrimination laws. The EEOC, citing studies show that African-Americans and Hispanics have significantly more arrests and convictions, takes the position that blanket exclusions of all applicants with criminal histories therefore has a discriminatory impact on African-Americans and Hispanics. The OFCCP has specifically stated that it follows the EEOC’s practices, and in Directive 306, explicitly adopted the EEOC position and practices with respect to use of arrest and conviction records in making hiring decisions.



Why do the EEOC and OFCCP get involved in this practice? Many employers are surprised to hear that the EEOC has issued position statements since at least 1987 on this very issue. Based on this position, it began investigating complaints relating to use of background checks when hiring, and filing lawsuits long before issuing its latest Enforcement Guidance last April. Again, the OFCCP has long followed EEOC practices with respect to this and many other anti-discrimination laws and measures.



Does this mean that employers can no longer conduct criminal background checks? No! Employers can, and, in order to avoid harmful situations and negligent hiring suits, should, still conduct background checks. The EEOC’s Enforcement Guidance attempts to provide employers with some additional guidelines as to how and when to use the information contained in criminal background checks in making their hiring decisions. Prior to issuing its Enforcement Guidance, the EEOC provided more basic guidelines (which the Enforcement Guidance has incorporated) by telling employers to consider the following factors with respect to applicants and their criminal backgrounds:





The nature and gravity of the offense;


Time elapsed since the conviction and/or completion of sentence;


Nature of the job held or sought.


The EEOC, and federal court cases (the US Supreme Court has never decided this issue) also have held that a business necessity will justify exclusion of an applicant based on his or her criminal record. Simply put, if one’s criminal past is not relevant to the essential functions of a particular job or some other compelling business necessity, the employer should not exclude the applicant on that basis. For example, if Betty applies for a job as a bookkeeper and was convicted two years ago for embezzlement, that is relevant to the job. Rejecting her is justified even under the EEOC’s analysis and guidelines. An employer might reject a man with a history of sexually assaulting women for a job that would put him in proximity with a female employee late at night when no one else is around and be acting consistent with a business necessity. On the other hand, if Danny pleaded guilty to public drunkenness one time 7 years ago that may not be a justifiable basis for refusing him a job as an administrative assistant.



Since the OFCCP is all but in lock-step with the EEOC on this issue, federal contractors would do well to familiarize themselves with the EEOC’s Enforcement Guidance.



What then, does the EEOC’s Enforcement Guidance really change? Given that the EEOC’s position and practices have been essentially the same for over 25 years, perhaps not much at all. The Guidance over 46 pages long, mostly cites background, studies and reasoning for its position. The part of most practical interest to employers, the list of Employer Best Practices, is at the end of the Enforcement Guidance, and is as follows:



General:







Eliminate policies or practices that exclude people from employment based on any criminal record. Employers cannot have blanket exclusions of those with criminal pasts. (So this is a blanket exclusion of blanket exclusions?? Maybe.)




Train managers, hiring officials and decision makers about Title VII and its prohibition on employment discrimination. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the law that prohibits employment discrimination against certain classes of people identified therein (i.e. “protected classes”). The EEOC wants employers to sensitize its managers to these laws, and how otherwise neutral practices can have a discriminatory impact on the people who Title VII is designed to protect. Ideally, training managers about Title VII and related laws should not be new.


Developing a Policy:







Develop a narrowly tailored written policy and procedure for screening applicants and employees for criminal conduct (that does the following: )



Identify essential job requirements and the actual circumstances under which the jobs are performed.


Determine the specific offenses that may demonstrate unfitness for performing such jobs


Identify the criminal offenses based on all available evidence.


Determine the duration of exclusions for criminal conduct based on all available evidence.


Include an individualized assessment.


Record the justification for the policy and procedures.


Note and keep a record of consultations and research considered in crafting the policy and procedures.






Train managers, hiring officials and decision makers on how to implement the policy and procedures consistent with Title VII.


In short, the EEOC and OFCCP want employers to implement policies that consider the relationship of the criminal offense(s) to the essential job requirements, especially if they are “old”, possible rehabilitation by the candidate, and whenever possible, to evaluate on a case by case basis. If an employer rejects an applicant based on criminal history, it should record the decision and the justification and, once it has created a policy and procedures, train those it expects to be implementing them. (NOTE: According to the EEOC, arrests alone are not themselves evidence of criminal conduct, though the underlying conduct leading to the arrest, if related to job functions or business necessity can be considered.)



Questions:





When asking questions about criminal records, limit inquiries to records for which exclusion would be job-related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity.


Employers should, whenever possible, only ask about items related to the actual job or a specific business necessity. If the report refers to something that is not related to the job, the employer should not ask about it.



Confidentiality:





Keep information about applicants’ and employees’ criminal records confidential. Only use if for the purpose for which it is intended.


This one seems self-explanatory.



Well, let’s stop here for now, and if you want to learn more about use of criminal background checks in the hiring process, make sure to attend our webinar on Thursday, November 10 at 10:30 a.m. PST, 1:30 p.m. EST.



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at 800-708-3655, x703.



The post What the EEOC and OFCCP Want You to Know About Criminal Background Checks appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited, Inc..



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Federal Law Alert: Annual EEO-1 Reports – HR Unlimited, Inc

Federal Law Alert: Annual EEO-1 Reports – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2016/10/26/federal-law-alert-annual-eeo-1-reports/





Pay Data Will Now Be Required on EEO-1 Reports for Employers with 100 or More Employees



The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has announced that it will require employers with 100 or more employees to submit summary pay data and total hours worked for the year as part of the annual EEO-1 report.



The first report, capturing data from 2017, will be due March 31, 2018. In subsequent years, March 31 will become the new annual deadline for EEO-1 reports—a change from September 30. As a result of pushing the reporting date from September to March, no reporting will be due in 2017.



On the new form, federal contractors and subcontractors with 50-99 employees will not report summary pay data or hours, but they will continue to report employees by job category as well as by sex and ethnicity or race.



Continuing with current practice, employers with 99 or fewer employees and Federal contractors and subcontractors with 49 or fewer employees will not be required to complete the EEO-1 report.



EEO-1 reporting of sex and ethnicity or race is based on counts taken during the “workforce snapshot period.” For reporting years 2016 and earlier, the “workforce snapshot period” was July 1 to September 30. Starting with the EEO-1 report of 2017 data, however, the “workforce snapshot period” will be October 1 to December 31. An employer may choose any pay period during this three-month “workforce snapshot period” to count its full and part-time employees for the EEO-1 report.



According to the EEOC, the new requirement is intended to help decrease pay disparities based on gender and race or ethnicity. The EEOC will use the collected data to help it investigate and identify unlawful pay discrimination. It will therefore be important for employers to ensure that they have systems in place to collect the required data and correct any pay disparities that cannot be explained by legitimate business factors.



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at (800) 708-3655, x703, or ayounies@hrunlimitedinc.com.



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An Overview of the Fair and Safe Workplaces Final Rules – HR Unlimited, Inc

An Overview of the Fair and Safe Workplaces Final Rules – HR Unlimited, Inc

https://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2016/09/21/an-overview-of-the-fair-and-safe-workplaces-final-rules/





Back in July, 2014, President Obama signed Executive Order 13673, also known as the Fair and Safe Workplaces Executive Order. It is a comprehensive Order aimed at ensuring federal contractors’ compliance with fourteen—yes fourteen–federal labor laws, along with their state counterparts. Now, two years later, the Federal Acquisition Regulatory (FAR) Council and the United States Department of Labor have published final rules implementing the EO 13673. The stated objective of the Executive Order and the implementing rules is to ensure that federal government agencies contract with “responsible” contractors. In other words, contractors subject to the Executive Order can face serious consequences, including loss of federal government contracts if they do not comply with the fourteen labor laws. (See below). The new rules are quite comprehensive. While we cannot possibly explore all of them here, we can at least get an overview. Let’s start with 4 of the 5 W’s (who, what, when and how):



Who is affected by the new rules? Federal contractors (and sub-contractors) with contracts valued in excess of $500,000.



What are the new rules? In a nutshell, the new rules, you must self-report any violations with the following fourteen federal labor laws and their state counterparts:





Fair Labor Standards Act


Occupational Safety and Health Act (and state law equivalents)


Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act


National Labor Relations Act


Family and Medical Leave Act


Davis-Bacon Act


Service Contract Act


Title VII of the Civil Rights Act


Americans with Disabilities Act


Age Discrimination in Employment Act


Executive Order 11246 (affirmative action and equal employment opportunity)


Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act


Section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act


Executive Order 13658 (federal contractor minimum wage)


When do the new rules take effect? Agencies can use the DOL guidance immediately. The DOL guidance is supposed to assist agencies in complying with the Executive Order. The FAR Council’s rules are phased in over a two-year period, beginning October 25, 2016. Here are some of the key facets:





Starting September 12, 2016 you may request from the DOL a voluntary assessment of your labor compliance history. While the request would implicitly be in anticipation of bids on future contracts, it would not be tied to any specific bids or contracts. This type of voluntary assessment, also known as a pre-assessment, would be seen as a mitigating factor with respect to future acquisitions. This option is available to you as of September 12, 2016, on an ongoing basis. In other words, you can always do a voluntary pre-assessment independent of any specific bid/acquisition.


As of October 25, 2016, federal prime contractors with contracts valued at or above $50 million must disclose any violations of the above-cited 14 federal labor laws in the previous year. Contractors and sub-contractors with federal contractors of $1 million or more may not require employees to arbitrate sexual assault, harassment or Title VII, though the parties may agree to binding arbitration after the dispute arises. In other words, covered contractors will no longer be able to require employees to sign an arbitration agreement as a condition of employment.



As of January 1, 2017 all federal contractors and sub-contractors must start providing their employees wage statements.


As of April 24, 2017 all federal contractors must disclose violations in the previous year of the 14 above-cited labor laws in when seeking contracts valued at $500,000 or more, and sub-contractors must begin doing so as of October 25, 2017; all federal contractors and sub-contractors must begin doing so as of October 25, 2018.


How will the new rules be implemented? In a nutshell, contracting officers are supposed to consider your compliance record in the previous year before awarding bids on contracts for $500,000 or more. If your company is a subsidiary, parent or affiliate Company, the contracting officer under FAR Council rules evaluates the compliance history of the entity whose name is on the bid. What else can you expect? First and foremost, just because you have a finding of a compliance violation doesn’t mean that your company will be rendered “non-responsible”. In other words, that alone will not automatically cause you to lose the contract. Information you provide about mitigating factors is considered –and is kept confidential, unless you, the contractor decide you want that information disclosed. Each contractor under EO 13673 designate an Agency Labor Compliance Advisor (ALCA), who assists your contract officer in evaluating the information. The ALCA must provide a written analysis of the compliance issues/history, and the contracting officer must include in the contract file how it weighed the analysis in arriving at the “non-responsibility” determination, if any. Even successful bidders are not entirely off the hook, however. If you secure a federal contract of $500,000 or more, you will still have to provide updates as to your labor law compliance twice each year during the contract term.



Note that most of the requirements discussed will only apply to those with federal contracts of at least $500,000. What if your contracts are valued at less than $500,000? Don’t get excited. You’re not entirely off the hook either. You still have to provide wage statements to your employees, starting January 1, 2017. What information must those statements include? The statements must show hours worked, overtime hours worked, pay rate and total pay for the pay period, and any additions to or deductions from pay. If a significant portion of your workforce’s primary language is other than English, the statements must be printed in that language. Exempt employees’ statements if they indicate the employee’s exempt status need not indicate the hours worked. What if your workforce consists solely or primarily of independent contractors? You still have to provide a statement. In this case the statement would indicate their independent contractor status. (Remember also, that if you have any contracts valued at $1 million or more, the aforementioned limitations on arbitration apply to you as well.)



Is that everything? Frankly no. There is much more, but there is simply not enough time – or room—to cover it in one post. We may, as we often do, follow up as appropriate with additional information.



For more information, contact Ahmed Younies at (714) 426-2918, x. 1, or ayounies@hrunlimitedinc.com.



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Anti-Discrimination Rules with a Twist: The OFCCPs Final Rules on Sex Discrimination (Part I of II) HR Unlimited Inc

Anti-Discrimination Rules with a Twist: The OFCCPs Final Rules on Sex Discrimination (Part I of II) HR Unlimited Inchttps://hrunlimitedincblog.wordpress.com/2016/08/17/anti-discrimination-rules-with-a-twist-the-ofccps-final-rules-on-sex-discrimination-part-i-of-ii/ The OFCCPs Final Rule on Sex Discrimination took effect this week on August 15 2016. Many of you already know that sex discrimination has been illegal since at least 1964 when the Civil Rights Act was enacted. Pay Discrimination based on sex has been illegal since at least 1963. Most employers know they cannot base employment decisions and practices on sex. Yet the OFCCP has issued new rules on sex discrimination why? The OFCCP says its previous guidelines and regulations were outdated. The goals of this Final Rule: [H]armonizing OFCCPs outdated regulations with current Title VII jurisprudence and facilitating contractor understanding and compliance potentially reduc[ing] contractor costs and increase labor-market efficiency changes. Lets have a look those new rules then shall we? Here is what the Final Rule provides: Accommodations to workers with conditions related to pregnancy/childbirth: Required accommodations include without limitation extra bathroom breaks light-duty assignments in those situations where contractors provide similar accommodations to similarly-situated non-pregnant workers (e.g. individuals with disabilities). Fair Pay Practices: Most of you know that employers cant pay workers differently based on sex. What you may not know is what practices could actually constitute pay discrimination. Here are some: denying opportunities for overtime training higher-paying jobs based on a workers sex or based on assumptions about a worker because of their sex or gender stereotypes (not conforming to particular gender norms and expectations about their appearance attire or behavior). The new rules state these and other points clearly whereas the old rules did not. Under this Rule workers can recover lost wages whenever an employer pays wages resulting from discrimination and not just when the underlying decision is/was made. Equal benefits from fringe-benefit plans to male and female employees: Fringe benefits include without limitation medical hospital accident life insurance and retirement benefits as well as profit-sharing and bonus plans leave and other terms and conditions of employment. Forbids sexual harassment: Expand the scope of harassment training to include pregnancy/sex-stereotyping/child rearing/sexual orientation and/or transgender modules. As we know sexual harassment includes without limitation unwelcome sexual advances requests for sexual favors offensive remarks about a persons sex other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature when the conduct interferes with the persons work performance forms the basis for employment decisions or otherwise creates a hostile working environment. Equal access to jobs and workforce development opportunities for men and women: Contractors cannot establish different requirements based on sex unless it can show that such requirements are a bona fide occupational qualification (this is a very high standard and therefore a very narrow exception). Different job requirements based on sex must be job-related and consistent with business necessity. Protection for workers with caregiving responsibilities: This provision addresses the common practice of basing treatment on stereotypical assumptions that women are more likely to have caregiving responsibilities and then denying employment opportunities on that basis. It reinforces the prohibition against denying opportunities to any employee based on his or her sex. Conversely if a father requests flexible arrangements for caregiving it must afford those accommodations if it makes similar accommodations for working mothers. Protections for transgender workers: This does one thing that Title VII does not: it clearly states that sex discrimination includes discrimination based on gender identity. It also requires that workers be allowed to use bathrooms changing rooms showers and similar facilities consistent with their gender identity. It also explicitly states that contractors cannot exclude coverage for care related to gender dysphoria or gender transition. Protection against discrimination based on sex stereotypes: Contractors cannot discriminate in any way against employees or applicants who fail to comply with gender stereotypes about how men and women act or the types of jobs they should do. Protections for religiously affiliated contractors under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA): The RFRA allows religiously affiliated contractors such as religious corporations educational institutions or societies to favor people of a particular religion when making employment decisions and follows Supreme Court precedent which recognizes the First Amendments requirement of a ministerial exception from employment discrimination laws. The ministerial exception prohibits the government from interfering with the religious organization making employment decisions about its so-called ministers (this alone could probably be a separate topic). As you can see this Rule is fairly comprehensive. It not only takes Title VII and its amendments and cases interpreting those laws and incorporates them into one Final Rule it goes even further. How so? Title VII itself along with its amendments and along with most cases interpreting them is silent on the issues of gender identity and to some extent on gender stereotypes. We see here another example of President Obama using the OFCCP to advance those parts of his agenda that he has not been able to push through Congress and make all his employers subject to it. If you are a federal contractor what has changed for you? Theoretically nothing. Practically speaking the changes may be significant. This Final Rule gives the OFCCP a specific tool to use to go after contractors who continue to engage in sex discrimination. It also makes it harder for you as a federal contractor to claim you didnt know that certain behaviors constitute sex discrimination and puts more greater onus on you to ensure equal employment opportunities for men and women. Finally you cannot argue that the protections dont apply to transgender employees the way non-contractor employers might with regard to Title VII. Suppose you are not a federal contractor. Dont get complacent! The issue of protection to transgender employees will probably reach the US Supreme Court in the not-too-distant future. Moreover the fact that the EEOC and the OFCCP and the President (at least until the end of 2016) are on the same page on this and other sex-related issues does create some pressure to keep the tide moving in that direction. Therefore non-contractor employees would do well to get ahead of the issue by reviewing the Final Rule and acting accordingly. Are there specific steps you can take? Stay tuned as we reserve the right to cover that in an upcoming post! For more information contact Ahmed Younies at (714) 426-2918 ext. 1 or ayounies@hrunlimitedinc.com. The post Anti-Discrimination Rules with a Twist: The OFCCPs Final Rules on Sex Discrimination (Part I of II) appeared first on Affirmative Action | HR Unlimited Inc.. http://www.hrunlimitedinc.com/final-rules-on-sex-discrimination/